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Disfunzione della pars intermedia dell’ipofisi: approcci diagnostici e terapeutici

Bibliografia

 

1. Aleman M, Watson JL, Williams DC et coll. Myopathy in horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (Cushing’s disease). Neuromuscul. Disord. 2006;16:737-744.

2. Beech J, Boston RC, McFarlane D et coll. Evaluation of plasma ACTH, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, and insulin concentrations during various photoperiods in clinically normal horses and ponies and those with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 2009;235(6):715-722.

3. Beech J, McFarlane D, Lindborg S et coll. α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and adrenocorticotropin concentrations in response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone and comparison with adrenocorticotropin concentration after domperidone administration in healthy horses and horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 2011;238(10):1305-1315.

4. Bertin FR, de Laat MA. The diagnosis of equine insulin dysregulation. Equine Vet. J. 2017;49(5):570-576. 

5. Copas VE, Durham AE. Circannual variation in plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone concentrations in the UK in normal horses and ponies, and those with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. Equine Vet. J. 2012;44(4):440-443.

6. Donaldson MT, Jorgensen AJ, Beech J. Evaluation of suspected pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction in horses with laminitis. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 2004;224(7):1123-1127.

7. Donaldson MT, LaMonte BH, Morresey P et coll. Treatment with pergolide or cyproheptadine of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (equine Cushing’s disease). J. Vet. Intern. Med. 2002;16(6):742-746.

8. Donaldson MT, McDonnell SM, Schanbacher BJ et coll. Variation in plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone concentration and dexamethasone suppression test results with season, age, and sex in healthy ponies and horses. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 2005;19(2):217-222.

9. Durham AE, Clarke BR, Potier JFN et coll. Clinically and temporally specific diagnostic thresholds for plasma ACTH in the horse. Equine Vet. J. 2021;53(2):250-260.

10. Frank N, Tadros EM. Insulin dysregulation. Equine Vet. J. 2014;46:103-112.

11. Hinrichsen SL, Yuen KY, Dryburgh EL et coll. Short-term effects of temperature and thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulation on adrenocorticotropin stability in horses. Animals (Basel). 2022;12(3):324.

12. Horn R, Bamford NJ, Afonso T et coll. Factors associated with survival, laminitis and insulin dysregulation in horses diagnosed with equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. Equine Vet. J. 2019;51(4):440-445.

13. Horn R, Stewart AJ, Jackson KV et coll. Clinical implications of using adrenocorticotropic hormone diagnostic cutoffs or reference intervals to diagnose pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction in mature horses. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 2021;35(1):560-570.

14. Hu K, Stewart AJ, Yuen KY et coll. The effect of freeze-thaw cycles on determination of immunoreactive plasma adrenocorticotrophic hormone concentrations in horses. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 2020;34(3):1350-1356.

15. Innerå M, Petersen AD, Desjardins DR et coll. Comparison of hair follicle histology between horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction and excessive hair growth and normal aged horses. Vet. Dermatol. 2013;24(1):212-217, e46-47.

16. Ireland JL, Clegg PD, McGowan CM et coll. A cross-sectional study of geriatric horses in the United Kingdom. Part 1: Demographics and management practices. Equine Vet. J. 2011;43(1):30-36.

17.

Kam YN, McKenzie K, Coyle M et coll. Repeatability of a thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test for diagnosis of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction in mature horses. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 2021;35(6):2885-2890.

18. Knowles EJ, Moreton-Clack MC, Shaw S et coll. Plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentrations in ponies measured by two different assays suggests seasonal cross-reactivity or interference. Equine Vet. J. 2018;50(5):672-677.

19. McFarlane D, Banse H, Knych HK et coll. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of pergolide mesylate following long-term administration to horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. J. Vet. Pharmacol Ther. 2017;40(2):158-164.

20. McFarlane D, Dybdal N, Donaldson MT et coll. Nitration and increased alpha-synuclein expression associated with dopaminergic neurodegeneration in equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. J. Neuroendocrinol. 2005;17(2):73-80.

21. McFarlane D, Hale GM, Johnson EM et coll. Fecal egg counts after anthelmintic administration to aged horses and horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 2010;236(3):330-334.

22. McFarlane D, Hill K, Anton J. Neutrophil function in healthy aged horses and horses with pituitary dysfunction. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 2015;165(3-4):99-106.

23. McGowan CM, Frost R, Pfeiffer DU et coll. Serum insulin concentrations in horses with equine Cushing’s syndrome: response to a cortisol inhibitor and prognostic value. Equine Vet. J. 2004;36(3):295-298.

24. McGowan CM, Neiger R. Efficacy of trilostane for the treatment of equine Cushing’s syndrome. Equine Vet. J. 2003;35:414-418.

25. McGowan TW, Pinchbeck GP, McGowan CM. Prevalence, risk factors and clinical signs predictive for equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction in aged horses. Equine Vet. J. 2013;45(1):74-79.

26. Miller MA, Pardo ID, Jackson LP et coll. Correlation of pituitary histomorphometry with adrenocorticotrophic hormone response to domperidone administration in the diagnosis of equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. Vet. Pathol. 2008;45(1):26-38.

27. Rendle DI, Litchfield E, Gough S et coll. The effects of sample handling and N-phenylmaleimide on concentration of adrenocorticotrophic hormone in equine plasma. Equine Vet. J. 2015;47(5):587-591.

28. Rohrbach BW, Stafford JR, Clermont RS et coll. Diagnostic frequency, response to therapy, and long-term prognosis among horses and ponies with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction, 1993-2004. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 2012;26(4):1027-1034.

29. Tadros EM, Fowlie JG, Refsal KR et coll. Association between hyperinsulinaemia and laminitis severity at the time of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction diagnosis. Equine Vet. J. 2019;51(1):52-56.

30. Thane K, Uricchio C, Frank N. Effect of early or late blood sampling on thyrotropin releasing hormone stimulation test results in horses. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 2022;36:770-777.

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21/02/2024

Dolore e disfunzione cervicale equina: patologia, diagnosi e trattamento

L'interesse per il rachide cervicale come causa di dolore o disfunzione sta diventando sempre più importante per molti ippiatri. Molti cavalli vengono infatti visitati per scarse prestazioni, mentre altri presenteranno comportamenti anomali, talora pericolosi.

 
 

Formazione a distanza

 

Corsi FAD per ippiatri:

- Le micosi delle tasche gutturali

- Ciclo estrale e diagnosi di gravidanza

- Iter diagnostico del cavallo in colica

 

I corsi, che non erogano crediti formativi, sono accessibili dalla piattaforma e-learning nella sezione "Eventi non accreditati"

 

 

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